Year Of The Carnivore 2009 Subtitles
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Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CarnivoraFamily: Canidae (dog family)Genus: Canis (Latin word meaning "dog")Species: lupus (Greek word meaning "wolf")Common names: gray wolf, timber wolfNames in other languages: Lobo (Spanish), Loup (French), Lupo (Italian), Varg (Swedish), Ulv (Norwegian)Physical CharacteristicsAverage body mass: males 110 pounds (50 kg); females 90 pounds (41 kg)Heaviest known wolf in Yellowstone: 148 pounds (wolf 760M of Yellowstone Delta pack with no food in stomach)Average height at shoulder: males 81 cm, females 77 cmAverage length: 181 cmEyes: blue at birth, light yellow to gold to brown as an adultNumber of bones: 319 males, 318 femalesNumber of teeth: 42Dental formulae: incisors 3 top/3 bottom, canines 1/1, premolars 4/4, molars 3/2 (on each side)Pelage: gray or black (ratio 50:50), rarely whiteBlack coat color: caused by K-locus gene thought to have originated from historic hybridization with domestic dogs 500-14,000 years agoLocomotion: tetrapedal, digitigradeAverage rate of speed: 5 miles/hour (8 kph)Top speed: 35 miles/hour (56 kph)Body temperature: 100-102.5 F (37.3-39.1 C)Respiration: 10-30 breathes per minuteHeart rate: 70-120 beats per minuteBite pressure: 1,200 psiSenses and CommunicationSmell: excellent, although unmeasured. Estimated to be thousands of times better than humansVision: excellent night vision; no red or green cones, but have blue and yellow conesHearing: little is known, but probably similar to dogs (relatively normal hearing abilities compared to other mammals)Howling function: many uses, including intrapack communication, advertising territory, coordinating social activitiesDistance howling can be heard: forest=11km (6.6 mi), open areas=16 km (9.6 mi)DietFeeding habits: generalist carnivore; scavenges when possible and has been known to eat small amounts of vegetationPrimary food sources in Yellowstone: Winter: elk (>96%), bison (3-4% and increasing in recent years; deer (1.5%); Spring: elk (89%), bison (7%), deer (7.1%); Summer: elk (85%), bison (14.1%), deer (5 years old: 18%Current North American population: 67,100-74,100 (53,600-57,600 of these in Canada)Average home range size in Yellowstone (northern range): 274 km2 (range=58-1,151 km2)Average home range size in Yellowstone (interior): 620 km2 (range=105-1675 km2)Average home range size in Yellowstone (park-wide): 428 km2Group of wolves: pack/ family (one of few eusocial species)Average pack size in Yellowstone: 9.8Largest pack recorded in Yellowstone: Druid Peak, 37 wolves (2001); may be the largest ever recorded (42 wolves seen together in Wood Buffalo National Park (1974) but unknown if they were a single pack)Percent of population that are lone wolves in Yellowstone: 2-5%Percent of population that are lone wolves in North America: 10-15%Sex ratio: 50:50Breeding and PupsMating: usually monogamous, but about 25% of packs have multiple breeding pairs under polygymous matingsCourtship: mid-FebruaryGestation: 63 daysBirth period: mid-AprilBirth location: denTypical dens: excavated under large roots, boulders, hillsides, caves with a tunnel leading to an enlarged chamber; several entrances and chambers may be presentDen emergence: 10-14 daysAverage litter size in Yellowstone: 4.4 at den emergence, 3.2 survive until late DecemberMaximum litter size recorded in Yellowstone: 11Split litters: multiple fathers per litter have not been detected in wild gray wolvesWeaning: 5-9 weeks from milk, then brought food (regurgitation) for another 3 monthsMilk content: 6.6% fat; 144 kCal per 100 gramsRendezvous sites: used as wolf pups get older as a central homesite; time spent there and number of homesites varies widely between packsAverage female age at first litter in Yellowstone: 2.7Oonset of female reproduction senescence: 4-5 yearsInterbirth interval: can be every yearEyes open: 12-14 daysDispersal: both sexes, YNP average age 2 years, 1 month; range 1-4 years
Year Of The Carnivore 2009 17Download File >>> =2sKV0x2011 Year of the Carnivore 2010 18. Posts about Year of the Carnivore. New year's 2011 the only big carnivore in this park is the cougar.... Cougar watch... Category: Carnivore: Cougar (Felix ) Season: Year of the Carnivore Location: New York, New York, USA Duration: 17 videos added this year, duration: 3,7 sec. vide. [vodpod video=35758369]It's not about quantity but quality. If a predator is looking for an animal it is important that it does so in a way that causes the animal to make physical contact with it. The rubbing of fur or skin can be very effective in causing trauma, whether it is a natural rubbing or scratching caused by the predator. Trauma can be very effective in reducing fitness. If the animal is too injured to avoid the predator then it is on its own.Natural: What if a predator such as a lynx, cat or wolf was stalking a fawn?This is a small case study and may not be applicable in larger parks. But, once a predator enters a park in an area where the fawn is, it is important that it makes a physical contact with the fawn. If this can be avoided, avoid it. In one case the predator was seen and documented rubbing the fawn with the back of it's paw. It was observed that this caused the fawn to move around for 1.5 hours until it was tired and went to sleep. The predator moved on in search of another victim. Also, the rubbing of fur or skin does not have to be intentional. A predator may unintentionally rub against a small animal. This could be a very stressful experience for the fawn. If that happens, the fawn will need to be monitored for at least 3 months to be sure it survives. That experience will potentially reduce the chances that the fawn will try to avoid the predator and outrun it, instead it will allow it to run away or even find a protected place where the predator cannot get it.These are important distinctions when discussing bear hunts and trophy hunting in Wisconsin and other jurisdictions. Trophy hunting and bear hunting are not the same thing.Trophy hunting is usually involving a small predator which is hunting and feeding on a large prey animal. Trophy hunters often are not concerned with the health of the predator or the prey. Trophy animals are usually harvested for their trophy heads, claws and antlers. These trophies ee730c9e81 2b1af7f3a8